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[title] => Hoće li ovo ikoga zamisliti? Samo tijekom prošle godine Zemlja ostala bez prašume veličine Švicarske
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Prema novoj studiji, svijet je 2022. izgubio područje netaknute prašume veličine Švicarske.
Oko 4,1 milijuna hektara netaknute prašume je nestalo, djelomično uništeno požarima, ali uglavnom zbog ljudskih aktivnosti krčenja šuma.
Izračun Svjetskog instituta za resurse (WRI) iz Washingtona, koji je objavljen u utorak, procjenjuje da svake minute nestaje šumovito područje veličine 11 nogometnih igrališta.
Tropi su izgubili 10% više primarnih prašuma 2022. nego 2021., ustanovio je WRI, opisujući tempo uništavanja kao "nemilosrdan".
Prašuma, tj. prirodna šuma uglavnom netaknuta od strane ljudi, od vitalnog je značaja za očuvanje bioraznolikosti i skladištenje ugljičnog dioksida.
Najpogođenija zemlja je Brazil, s uništenim područjem koje predstavlja 43% globalnih gubitaka, ispred Demokratske Republike Kongo (13%) i Bolivije (9%).
U Brazilu se krčenje šuma stalno pogoršavalo tijekom predsjedništva Jaira Bolsonara (2019.-2023.), povećavajući se za dodatnih 15% u godini, prema godišnjem izvješću GFW-a.
U razdoblju Bolsonara, brazilska je administracija zatvorila oči pred ilegalnom sječom šuma i ukinula je ekološku politiku zemlje.
Njegov nasljednik, predsjednik Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, koji je prisegnuo u siječnju, obećao je okončati uništavanje brazilske Amazone do 2030.
Stručnjaci međutim vjeruju da će morati svladati mnoge izazove kako bi to postigao.
Znanstvenici strahuju da će se bazen Amazone, pogođen klimatskim promjenama i krčenjem šuma, s vremenom pretvoriti u savanu.
To je promjena koja bi imala učinak dubokog poremećaja u Južnoj Americi i ostatku planeta.
U Demokratskoj Republici Kongo 2022. uništeno je više od pola milijuna hektara šuma.
Uglavnom zbog poljoprivrede i proizvodnje vitalnog drvenog ugljena za kućanstva, od kojih 80% nema struju.
Kongo je 2021. potpisao ugovor vrijedan pola milijarde dolara za zaštitu prašume u bazenu Konga, ali je potkopan nedavnim vladinim natječajem za naftne dozvole.
Na trećem mjestu ljestvice, Bolivija nije uspjela smanjiti stopu krčenja šuma, koja je porasla za 32% u odnosu na 2021. godinu.
"Većina gubitaka dogodila se u zaštićenim područjima, koja pokrivaju posljednje komade prašuma u zemlji", navodi se u izvješću.
Proizvodnja kakaovca, iskopavanje zlata i požari glavni su razlozi, prema znanstvenicima.
Krčenje šuma najdramatičnije se ubrzalo u Gani i Angoli u Africi te u južnoameričkoj državi Boliviji.
Nasuprot tome, neke su zemlje, uključujući Indoneziju i Maleziju, uspjele zadržati gubitak svojih šuma na relativno niskoj razini 2022.
Uz pomoć platforme Global Forest Watch, brojne organizacije za očuvanje pod vodstvom WRI-a od 2014. promatraju promjene u šumskim krajobrazima diljem svijeta, koristeći satelitsku tehnologiju i druge metode. WRI sastavlja svoje godišnje izvješće u suradnji s podacima o gubitku drveća Sveučilišta Maryland.
Područje uništeno 2022. godine ispustilo je 2,7 gigatona CO2, izračunali su autori studije.
To je otprilike jednako godišnjim emisijama iz fosilnih goriva u Indiji.
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Prema novoj studiji, svijet je 2022. izgubio područje netaknute prašume veličine Švicarske.
Oko 4,1 milijuna hektara netaknute prašume je nestalo, djelomično uništeno požarima, ali uglavnom zbog ljudskih aktivnosti krčenja šuma.
Izračun Svjetskog instituta za resurse (WRI) iz Washingtona, koji je objavljen u utorak, procjenjuje da svake minute nestaje šumovito područje veličine 11 nogometnih igrališta.
Tropi su izgubili 10% više primarnih prašuma 2022. nego 2021., ustanovio je WRI, opisujući tempo uništavanja kao "nemilosrdan".
Prašuma, tj. prirodna šuma uglavnom netaknuta od strane ljudi, od vitalnog je značaja za očuvanje bioraznolikosti i skladištenje ugljičnog dioksida.
Najpogođenija zemlja je Brazil, s uništenim područjem koje predstavlja 43% globalnih gubitaka, ispred Demokratske Republike Kongo (13%) i Bolivije (9%).
U Brazilu se krčenje šuma stalno pogoršavalo tijekom predsjedništva Jaira Bolsonara (2019.-2023.), povećavajući se za dodatnih 15% u godini, prema godišnjem izvješću GFW-a.
U razdoblju Bolsonara, brazilska je administracija zatvorila oči pred ilegalnom sječom šuma i ukinula je ekološku politiku zemlje.
Njegov nasljednik, predsjednik Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, koji je prisegnuo u siječnju, obećao je okončati uništavanje brazilske Amazone do 2030.
Stručnjaci međutim vjeruju da će morati svladati mnoge izazove kako bi to postigao.
Znanstvenici strahuju da će se bazen Amazone, pogođen klimatskim promjenama i krčenjem šuma, s vremenom pretvoriti u savanu.
To je promjena koja bi imala učinak dubokog poremećaja u Južnoj Americi i ostatku planeta.
U Demokratskoj Republici Kongo 2022. uništeno je više od pola milijuna hektara šuma.
Uglavnom zbog poljoprivrede i proizvodnje vitalnog drvenog ugljena za kućanstva, od kojih 80% nema struju.
Kongo je 2021. potpisao ugovor vrijedan pola milijarde dolara za zaštitu prašume u bazenu Konga, ali je potkopan nedavnim vladinim natječajem za naftne dozvole.
Na trećem mjestu ljestvice, Bolivija nije uspjela smanjiti stopu krčenja šuma, koja je porasla za 32% u odnosu na 2021. godinu.
"Većina gubitaka dogodila se u zaštićenim područjima, koja pokrivaju posljednje komade prašuma u zemlji", navodi se u izvješću.
Proizvodnja kakaovca, iskopavanje zlata i požari glavni su razlozi, prema znanstvenicima.
Krčenje šuma najdramatičnije se ubrzalo u Gani i Angoli u Africi te u južnoameričkoj državi Boliviji.
Nasuprot tome, neke su zemlje, uključujući Indoneziju i Maleziju, uspjele zadržati gubitak svojih šuma na relativno niskoj razini 2022.
Uz pomoć platforme Global Forest Watch, brojne organizacije za očuvanje pod vodstvom WRI-a od 2014. promatraju promjene u šumskim krajobrazima diljem svijeta, koristeći satelitsku tehnologiju i druge metode. WRI sastavlja svoje godišnje izvješće u suradnji s podacima o gubitku drveća Sveučilišta Maryland.
Područje uništeno 2022. godine ispustilo je 2,7 gigatona CO2, izračunali su autori studije.
To je otprilike jednako godišnjim emisijama iz fosilnih goriva u Indiji.
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12. svibanj 2024 11:52
