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[title] => Popularnog morskog grabežljivca zapravo uopće ne poznajemo: na niz pitanja o velikoj bijeloj psini znanost još nije dala odgovor
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Velike bijele psine postale su popularne diljem svijeta zahvaljujući filmu 'Ralje', ali javnost i dalje nije upoznata s njihovim stvarnim karakteristikama, navodi National Geographic.
Susret s velikom bijelom psinom u prirodi nije onakav kakav biste očekivali da bude. Već na prvi pogled, ovaj morski pas ne odaje dojam krvoločnog lovca kakvog smo viđali na televiziji. Zdepast je, gotovo debeo, kao prepunjena kobasica. Salo i mišići oko čeljusti podrhtavaju mu kad otvori usta, koja kao da su razvučena u pomalo zloban smješak. Gledan sa strane, jedan od najvećih grabežljivica na svijetu pomalo podsjeća na nekakvog klauna.
Tek kad vas taj morski klaun pogleda, shvatite zašto se smatra najstrašnijim stvorenjem na kugli zemaljskoj. Gledana sprijeda, glava velike bijele psine nije više zdepasta i debela, već zašiljena poput koplja, s crnim očima zlokobnog, prijetećeg pogleda.
Nema više onog odsutnog smješka i sve što vidite jesu redovi zuba dugih pet centimetara, koji mogu zagristi snagom većom od dvije tone. Prilazi vam sporo i samouvjereno. Okreće glavu, prvo na jednu, pa na drugu stranu, da vas odmjeri i procijeni jeste li vrijedni njezina truda. Ako imate sreće, okrenut će se i lijeno iščeznuti u tami morskog plavetnila, ponovo se pretvorivši u onog grotesknog klauna s početka priče.
Iako na svijetu postoji više od 500 vrsta morskih pasa, za većinu ljudi postoji samo jedna. Kad je Pixar birao glavnog negativca za animirani film 'Potraga za Nemom', nisu se odlučili za bezazlenog morskog psa-dadilju ili agresivnog bika. Čak ni za tigra, koji bi više pristajao Nemovom svijetu koraljnih grebena. Ne, oni su odmah izabrali veliku bijelu, koja se svojim širokim zlobnim osmjehom, punim oštrih zuba cerila s kino plakata diljem svijeta.
Ali i pored toga što je velika bijela psina prava zvijezda, o njoj ipak znamo vrlo malo – a i to što mislimo da znamo uglavnom nije točno.
Velike bijele psine nisu nemilosrdni lovci (ako ništa drugo, napadaju vrlo oprezno), nisu uvijek usamljene, a možda su i mnogo pametnije nego što to razni stručnjaci misle. Čak je i zloglasne napade 1916. godine na obali Jerseya, koji se spominju u filmu 'Ralje', možda izveo morski pas bik, a ne velika bijela psina.
Mi ne znamo pouzdano ni koliko dugo žive, koliko mjeseci ženke nose mlade i kada dostižu zrelost. Nitko nikada nije vidio velike bijele psine kako se pare ili rađaju mlade.
Zapravo ne znamo ni koliko ih ima i gdje točno provode veći dio svog života. Zamislite da jedna takva grdosija živi na kopnu, uz obale Kalifornije, Južnoafričke Republike i Australije. Pa znanstvenici bi znali svaki detalj o njezinim navikama prilikom parenja, migracijama i ponašanju jer bi je promatrali u zoološkim vrtovima, raznim istraživačkim centrima, a vjerojatno čak i u cirkusima.
Ali pod vodom vladaju druga pravila. Velike bijele psine se pojavljuju i nestaju kad to one hoće, a pratiti ih dublje u vodi praktički je nemoguće. One odbijaju živjeti zatočene iza stakla, u akvarijima. Ili prestanu jesti i uginu od gladi ili se ubiju udarajući glavom u zidove.
Neki akvariji su ih pustili na slobodu radi vlastite sigurnosti ili zato što su napadale druge zatočene životinje.
Ipak, današnja znanost sa svojim usavršenim tehnologijama možda uskoro riješi dva najveća misterija: Koliko ih ima i kuda odlaze? Razrješenje ovih misterija moglo bi biti ključno za našu buduću zaštitu od njih, ali i njihovu od nas, piše National Geographic.
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Velike bijele psine postale su popularne diljem svijeta zahvaljujući filmu 'Ralje', ali javnost i dalje nije upoznata s njihovim stvarnim karakteristikama, navodi National Geographic.
Susret s velikom bijelom psinom u prirodi nije onakav kakav biste očekivali da bude. Već na prvi pogled, ovaj morski pas ne odaje dojam krvoločnog lovca kakvog smo viđali na televiziji. Zdepast je, gotovo debeo, kao prepunjena kobasica. Salo i mišići oko čeljusti podrhtavaju mu kad otvori usta, koja kao da su razvučena u pomalo zloban smješak. Gledan sa strane, jedan od najvećih grabežljivica na svijetu pomalo podsjeća na nekakvog klauna.
Tek kad vas taj morski klaun pogleda, shvatite zašto se smatra najstrašnijim stvorenjem na kugli zemaljskoj. Gledana sprijeda, glava velike bijele psine nije više zdepasta i debela, već zašiljena poput koplja, s crnim očima zlokobnog, prijetećeg pogleda.
Nema više onog odsutnog smješka i sve što vidite jesu redovi zuba dugih pet centimetara, koji mogu zagristi snagom većom od dvije tone. Prilazi vam sporo i samouvjereno. Okreće glavu, prvo na jednu, pa na drugu stranu, da vas odmjeri i procijeni jeste li vrijedni njezina truda. Ako imate sreće, okrenut će se i lijeno iščeznuti u tami morskog plavetnila, ponovo se pretvorivši u onog grotesknog klauna s početka priče.
Iako na svijetu postoji više od 500 vrsta morskih pasa, za većinu ljudi postoji samo jedna. Kad je Pixar birao glavnog negativca za animirani film 'Potraga za Nemom', nisu se odlučili za bezazlenog morskog psa-dadilju ili agresivnog bika. Čak ni za tigra, koji bi više pristajao Nemovom svijetu koraljnih grebena. Ne, oni su odmah izabrali veliku bijelu, koja se svojim širokim zlobnim osmjehom, punim oštrih zuba cerila s kino plakata diljem svijeta.
Ali i pored toga što je velika bijela psina prava zvijezda, o njoj ipak znamo vrlo malo – a i to što mislimo da znamo uglavnom nije točno.
Velike bijele psine nisu nemilosrdni lovci (ako ništa drugo, napadaju vrlo oprezno), nisu uvijek usamljene, a možda su i mnogo pametnije nego što to razni stručnjaci misle. Čak je i zloglasne napade 1916. godine na obali Jerseya, koji se spominju u filmu 'Ralje', možda izveo morski pas bik, a ne velika bijela psina.
Mi ne znamo pouzdano ni koliko dugo žive, koliko mjeseci ženke nose mlade i kada dostižu zrelost. Nitko nikada nije vidio velike bijele psine kako se pare ili rađaju mlade.
Zapravo ne znamo ni koliko ih ima i gdje točno provode veći dio svog života. Zamislite da jedna takva grdosija živi na kopnu, uz obale Kalifornije, Južnoafričke Republike i Australije. Pa znanstvenici bi znali svaki detalj o njezinim navikama prilikom parenja, migracijama i ponašanju jer bi je promatrali u zoološkim vrtovima, raznim istraživačkim centrima, a vjerojatno čak i u cirkusima.
Ali pod vodom vladaju druga pravila. Velike bijele psine se pojavljuju i nestaju kad to one hoće, a pratiti ih dublje u vodi praktički je nemoguće. One odbijaju živjeti zatočene iza stakla, u akvarijima. Ili prestanu jesti i uginu od gladi ili se ubiju udarajući glavom u zidove.
Neki akvariji su ih pustili na slobodu radi vlastite sigurnosti ili zato što su napadale druge zatočene životinje.
Ipak, današnja znanost sa svojim usavršenim tehnologijama možda uskoro riješi dva najveća misterija: Koliko ih ima i kuda odlaze? Razrješenje ovih misterija moglo bi biti ključno za našu buduću zaštitu od njih, ali i njihovu od nas, piše National Geographic.
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18. svibanj 2024 13:33
