SD Dojavi Slobodna Dalmacija
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Na stablu masline u mom vrtu ima petnaestak plodića koji su potpuno crni, tvrdi i sasušeni. Što im se dogodilo? Ostali plodovi su u odličnom stanju.

Zdenka Gotovac, Split

Sva živa bića imaju daleko veći potencijal razmnožavanja nego što im je on potreban samo za održanje vrste. Kod biljaka je on daleko veći nego kod pokretnih organizama. Ljudi i životinje se mogu skloniti od nepogoda i zaštititi se, dok to biljke ne mogu, čitav su vijek na istom mjestu izložene različitim uvjetima klime, ponekad izuzetno nepovoljnima.

Zbog toga imaju veliku rezervu cvjetova i pupova, ako jedan dio i strada, uvijek će nešto uspjeti obaviti funkciju.

S druge strane, biljka nastoji stalno biti u nekoj ravnoteži, tj. balansirati rodnost prema kondiciji stabla. Ako kod masline par posto cvjetova završi plodom, to predstavlja puni rod.

Prvu selekciju maslina obavlja na način da si i kod dobre oplodnje svejedno ne ostavlja više od 5-6% plodova, sve ostalo se osipa. Dodatno prirodno prorjeđivanje događa se dva do tri tjedna kasnije, kada otpadne još 20% preostalih plodova, pri veličini od 3 do 4 mm, a još eventualno može pocrniti i otpasti pokoji plod sve do prve dekade sedmog mjeseca. To nazivamo fiziološko opadanje plodova i nije vezano uz prisutnost štetnika ili bolesti.

Kasnijeg prirodnog opadanja nema. Naravno da i u ranoj fazi razvoja, sušenje plodića mogu izazvati i neki štetnici, npr. stjenica i svrdlaš, ali tada se mogu vidjeti simptomi i uzročnici.

Prema prethodno iznesenom, u ovome slučaju je riječ o sušenju prilično velikih plodova, kao posljedice djelovanja nekog vanjskog utjecaja.

Najvjerojatnije je riječ o razvoju neke gljivične bolesti iz grupe Bothryosphaericeae. Nekoliko gljivica može izazvati slične pojave, ali je to najčešće Bothryosphaeria dothidea, Moug. Te se gljivice razvijaju na različitim drvenastim kulturama, gdje izazivaju sušenje grančica ili propadanje plodova.

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Osušen, crni plod na maslini

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Na maslinama su posljednjih nekoliko godina primijećene štete od tih gljivica u vidu sušenja grana i plodova. Njihovu razvoju kod nas vjerojatno pogoduje i globalno zagrijavanje, a svakako i kombinacija vlažnoga vremena i nekog oštećenja kore ili kožice ploda.

Ulazno mjesto na plodu najčešće je rana od uboda maslinove muhe, ali to može biti i peteljka bez posebnog oštećenja. U tom slučaju plod brzo suši na karakterističan način, počevši od vrha prema peteljci.

Relativno dobru zaštitu od tih gljivica pruža preventivno tretiranje bakrenim fungicidima, koju provodimo protiv paunova oka ili olovne bolesti. Djelotvorni su i fungicidi na bazi dodina, cirama ili nekog triazola (Difcor, Ortiva top), tretiranjem krajem zime, prije rezidbe, a na raspolaganju nam je i bakar.

Svakako da i suzbijanje maslinove muhe puno doprinosi smanjenju zaraze jer su ubodne rane na plodu ulazna mjesta za gljivice.

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Uz normalne i osušeni crni plodovi u krošnji masline

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Na stablu masline u mom vrtu ima petnaestak plodića koji su potpuno crni, tvrdi i sasušeni. Što im se dogodilo? Ostali plodovi su u odličnom stanju.

Zdenka Gotovac, Split

Sva živa bića imaju daleko veći potencijal razmnožavanja nego što im je on potreban samo za održanje vrste. Kod biljaka je on daleko veći nego kod pokretnih organizama. Ljudi i životinje se mogu skloniti od nepogoda i zaštititi se, dok to biljke ne mogu, čitav su vijek na istom mjestu izložene različitim uvjetima klime, ponekad izuzetno nepovoljnima.

Zbog toga imaju veliku rezervu cvjetova i pupova, ako jedan dio i strada, uvijek će nešto uspjeti obaviti funkciju.

S druge strane, biljka nastoji stalno biti u nekoj ravnoteži, tj. balansirati rodnost prema kondiciji stabla. Ako kod masline par posto cvjetova završi plodom, to predstavlja puni rod.

Prvu selekciju maslina obavlja na način da si i kod dobre oplodnje svejedno ne ostavlja više od 5-6% plodova, sve ostalo se osipa. Dodatno prirodno prorjeđivanje događa se dva do tri tjedna kasnije, kada otpadne još 20% preostalih plodova, pri veličini od 3 do 4 mm, a još eventualno može pocrniti i otpasti pokoji plod sve do prve dekade sedmog mjeseca. To nazivamo fiziološko opadanje plodova i nije vezano uz prisutnost štetnika ili bolesti.

Kasnijeg prirodnog opadanja nema. Naravno da i u ranoj fazi razvoja, sušenje plodića mogu izazvati i neki štetnici, npr. stjenica i svrdlaš, ali tada se mogu vidjeti simptomi i uzročnici.

Prema prethodno iznesenom, u ovome slučaju je riječ o sušenju prilično velikih plodova, kao posljedice djelovanja nekog vanjskog utjecaja.

Najvjerojatnije je riječ o razvoju neke gljivične bolesti iz grupe Bothryosphaericeae. Nekoliko gljivica može izazvati slične pojave, ali je to najčešće Bothryosphaeria dothidea, Moug. Te se gljivice razvijaju na različitim drvenastim kulturama, gdje izazivaju sušenje grančica ili propadanje plodova.

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Osušen, crni plod na maslini

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Na maslinama su posljednjih nekoliko godina primijećene štete od tih gljivica u vidu sušenja grana i plodova. Njihovu razvoju kod nas vjerojatno pogoduje i globalno zagrijavanje, a svakako i kombinacija vlažnoga vremena i nekog oštećenja kore ili kožice ploda.

Ulazno mjesto na plodu najčešće je rana od uboda maslinove muhe, ali to može biti i peteljka bez posebnog oštećenja. U tom slučaju plod brzo suši na karakterističan način, počevši od vrha prema peteljci.

Relativno dobru zaštitu od tih gljivica pruža preventivno tretiranje bakrenim fungicidima, koju provodimo protiv paunova oka ili olovne bolesti. Djelotvorni su i fungicidi na bazi dodina, cirama ili nekog triazola (Difcor, Ortiva top), tretiranjem krajem zime, prije rezidbe, a na raspolaganju nam je i bakar.

Svakako da i suzbijanje maslinove muhe puno doprinosi smanjenju zaraze jer su ubodne rane na plodu ulazna mjesta za gljivice.

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Uz normalne i osušeni crni plodovi u krošnji masline

Osušen, crni plod na maslini
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Maslinarstvo

o čemu se radi?Čitatelj: Neki plodovi na stablu su crni, tvrdi i osušeni. Agronom: Iako maslina sama vrši selekciju, to je posljedica vanjskog utjecaja

Piše Edi Družetić, agronom
4. srpnja 2022. - 07:46
&lt;p&gt;Uz normalne i osušeni crni plodovi u krošnji masline&lt;/p&gt;
Uz normalne i osušeni crni plodovi u krošnji masline

Na stablu masline u mom vrtu ima petnaestak plodića koji su potpuno crni, tvrdi i sasušeni. Što im se dogodilo? Ostali plodovi su u odličnom stanju.

Zdenka Gotovac, Split

Sva živa bića imaju daleko veći potencijal razmnožavanja nego što im je on potreban samo za održanje vrste. Kod biljaka je on daleko veći nego kod pokretnih organizama. Ljudi i životinje se mogu skloniti od nepogoda i zaštititi se, dok to biljke ne mogu, čitav su vijek na istom mjestu izložene različitim uvjetima klime, ponekad izuzetno nepovoljnima.

Zbog toga imaju veliku rezervu cvjetova i pupova, ako jedan dio i strada, uvijek će nešto uspjeti obaviti funkciju.

S druge strane, biljka nastoji stalno biti u nekoj ravnoteži, tj. balansirati rodnost prema kondiciji stabla. Ako kod masline par posto cvjetova završi plodom, to predstavlja puni rod.

Prvu selekciju maslina obavlja na način da si i kod dobre oplodnje svejedno ne ostavlja više od 5-6% plodova, sve ostalo se osipa. Dodatno prirodno prorjeđivanje događa se dva do tri tjedna kasnije, kada otpadne još 20% preostalih plodova, pri veličini od 3 do 4 mm, a još eventualno može pocrniti i otpasti pokoji plod sve do prve dekade sedmog mjeseca. To nazivamo fiziološko opadanje plodova i nije vezano uz prisutnost štetnika ili bolesti.

Kasnijeg prirodnog opadanja nema. Naravno da i u ranoj fazi razvoja, sušenje plodića mogu izazvati i neki štetnici, npr. stjenica i svrdlaš, ali tada se mogu vidjeti simptomi i uzročnici.

Prema prethodno iznesenom, u ovome slučaju je riječ o sušenju prilično velikih plodova, kao posljedice djelovanja nekog vanjskog utjecaja.

Najvjerojatnije je riječ o razvoju neke gljivične bolesti iz grupe Bothryosphaericeae. Nekoliko gljivica može izazvati slične pojave, ali je to najčešće Bothryosphaeria dothidea, Moug. Te se gljivice razvijaju na različitim drvenastim kulturama, gdje izazivaju sušenje grančica ili propadanje plodova.

image

Osušen, crni plod na maslini

Na maslinama su posljednjih nekoliko godina primijećene štete od tih gljivica u vidu sušenja grana i plodova. Njihovu razvoju kod nas vjerojatno pogoduje i globalno zagrijavanje, a svakako i kombinacija vlažnoga vremena i nekog oštećenja kore ili kožice ploda.

Ulazno mjesto na plodu najčešće je rana od uboda maslinove muhe, ali to može biti i peteljka bez posebnog oštećenja. U tom slučaju plod brzo suši na karakterističan način, počevši od vrha prema peteljci.

Relativno dobru zaštitu od tih gljivica pruža preventivno tretiranje bakrenim fungicidima, koju provodimo protiv paunova oka ili olovne bolesti. Djelotvorni su i fungicidi na bazi dodina, cirama ili nekog triazola (Difcor, Ortiva top), tretiranjem krajem zime, prije rezidbe, a na raspolaganju nam je i bakar.

Svakako da i suzbijanje maslinove muhe puno doprinosi smanjenju zaraze jer su ubodne rane na plodu ulazna mjesta za gljivice.

#MASLINA SUŠENJE PLODOVA#SUŠENJE PLODOVA MASLINE
14. svibanj 2024 10:32