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Kako bi nahranio i rashladio svoje bivole, Hašim Gased mora prijeći 10 kilometara suhe zemlje u južnom Iraku, gdje suša uništava dijelove mitskih mezopotamskih močvara.

Iako je na glasu kao lokacija biblijskog rajskog vrta, iračke močvare pogođene su trogodišnjom sušom i smanjenim protokom vode duž rijeka i pritoka koje izviru iz susjedne Turske i Irana.

Golema prostranstva nekoć bujne močvare Huveiza, koja se proteže uz granicu s Iranom, isušena su, a njihova je vegetacija požutjela.

Dio močvare Čibaiš, koji je popularan među turistima, doživio je istu sudbinu.

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Ahmad Al-rubaye/AFP
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"Močvare su naše sredstvo za život - nekada smo ovdje lovili ribu, a naša je stoka mogla pasti i piti", rekao je Gased (35) iz sela blizu Huveize.

Močvare južnog Iraka upisane su na UNESCO-ov popis svjetske baštine 2016. zbog svoje bioraznolikosti i drevne povijesti.
No sada korita suhih potoka vijugaju oko nekoć zelenih močvara, a jezero Um al-Naaj svedeno je na lokve mutne vode među uglavnom suhim tlom.

Kao i otac mu, Gased uzgaja bivole, ali ostalo mu je samo pet od prijašnjih 30 životinja.

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Ahmad Al-rubaye/AFP
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Ostale su uginule ili su prodane, a obitelj sklapa kraj s krajem.

Članovi obitelji pažljivo paze na preostala goveda, bojeći se da bi slabe, nedovoljno uhranjene životinje mogle pasti u blato i umrijeti.

“Prosvjedujemo više od dvije godine i nitko ne sluša”, rekao je Gassed.

"Ne znamo kamo ići. Naši životi su gotovi", dodao je.

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Ahmad Al-rubaye/AFP
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"Nema više ribe"

Smještene između rijeka Tigrisa i Eufrata, mezopotamske močvare stradale su pod bivšim diktatorom Sadamom Huseinom, koji je 1991. naredio da se isuše kao kazna zajednicama koje su štitile pobunjenike.

Močvare su i u prošlosti povremeno prolazile kroz godine oštre suše, nakon čega bi ih oživjele jake kišne sezone.
Od kolovoza 2020. do danas 46 posto močvarnih područja južnog Iraka, uključujući Huveizu i Čibaiš, u potpunosti je izgubilo vodu, prema nizozemskoj organizaciji za izgradnju mira PAX.

Dodatnih 41 posto močvarnih područja ima smanjenu razine vode i vlažnosti, prema organizaciji koja je koristila satelitske podatke za izradu procjene.

UN-ova Organizacija za hranu i poljoprivredu ističe da su močvarna područja u Iraku jedna od najsiromašnijih u zemlji i "jedna od najviše pogođenih klimatskim promjenama", dodajući kako su zabilježene "niske razine vode bez presedana".

Bioraznolikost je također ugrožena.

Močvare su dom za "brojne populacije ugroženih vrsta" i važna su točka zaustavljanja za oko 200 vrsta migratornih vodenih ptica, prema UNESCO-u.

Aktivist za zaštitu okoliša Ahmed Saleh Nima rekao je da u močvarama "više nema ribe", divljih svinja pa čak ni glatkodlake vidre.

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Asaad Niazi/AFP
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"Poput pustinje"

Rekao je da su močvaru Huveiza navodnjavale dvije pritoke Tigrisa, ali se njihov vodostaj znatno smanjio.

Iračke vlasti racioniraju zalihe kako bi pokrile različite potrebe, kazao je.

"Vlada želi sačuvati najveću moguću količinu vode", dodao je, žaleći se na "nepravednu raspdojelu vode" i "loše upravljanje (resursima)".

Nakon pritiska prosvjednika, vlasti su djelomično otvorile ventile, ali su ih kasnije ponovno zatvorile, ističe Saleh Nima.

Na iranskoj strani u močvare koju zovu Hur-al Azim također se osjeća nedostatak vode.

"Močvara je suočena s nedostatkom vode i trenutačno je oko polovice njezina iranskog dijela presušilo", nedavno je izvijestila iranska državna novinska agencija IRNA.

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Ahmad Al-rubaye/AFP
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Hatem Hamid, ravnatelj centra za upravljanje vodama iračke vlade, rekao je da je "na iranskoj strani glavna rijeka koja hrani močvaru Huveiza totalno suha više od godinu dana".

Potrebe za vodom iračkih farmi i močvarnih područja samo su polovično zadovoljene jer vlasti pomno prate rezerve i pokušavaju pokriti niz namjena, s pitkom vodom kao jednim od "prioriteta", priznaje Hamid.

Irački dužnosnici ukazuju na kanale i male potoke koji su obnovljeni kako bi se prelijevali u močvare i u sela gdje su se neke obitelji preselile iz isušenih područja.

No, nemoguće je kompenzirati vrlo veliko isparavanje u močvarama na temperaturama koje prelaze 50 Celzijevih stupnjeva, dodaje.

U Čibaisu su učinci suše jasni Aliju Džavadu, koji je rekao da su deseci obitelji napustili njegov zaselak.

"Migrirali su prema drugim regijama, tražeći područja gdje ima vode", rekao je 20-godišnjak.

"Prije je bilo zelenila, vode i unutarnjeg mira kad smo dolazili u močvare. Sada je to poput pustinje", dodao je.

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Kako bi nahranio i rashladio svoje bivole, Hašim Gased mora prijeći 10 kilometara suhe zemlje u južnom Iraku, gdje suša uništava dijelove mitskih mezopotamskih močvara.

Iako je na glasu kao lokacija biblijskog rajskog vrta, iračke močvare pogođene su trogodišnjom sušom i smanjenim protokom vode duž rijeka i pritoka koje izviru iz susjedne Turske i Irana.

Golema prostranstva nekoć bujne močvare Huveiza, koja se proteže uz granicu s Iranom, isušena su, a njihova je vegetacija požutjela.

Dio močvare Čibaiš, koji je popularan među turistima, doživio je istu sudbinu.

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Ahmad Al-rubaye/AFP
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"Močvare su naše sredstvo za život - nekada smo ovdje lovili ribu, a naša je stoka mogla pasti i piti", rekao je Gased (35) iz sela blizu Huveize.

Močvare južnog Iraka upisane su na UNESCO-ov popis svjetske baštine 2016. zbog svoje bioraznolikosti i drevne povijesti.
No sada korita suhih potoka vijugaju oko nekoć zelenih močvara, a jezero Um al-Naaj svedeno je na lokve mutne vode među uglavnom suhim tlom.

Kao i otac mu, Gased uzgaja bivole, ali ostalo mu je samo pet od prijašnjih 30 životinja.

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Ahmad Al-rubaye/AFP
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Ostale su uginule ili su prodane, a obitelj sklapa kraj s krajem.

Članovi obitelji pažljivo paze na preostala goveda, bojeći se da bi slabe, nedovoljno uhranjene životinje mogle pasti u blato i umrijeti.

“Prosvjedujemo više od dvije godine i nitko ne sluša”, rekao je Gassed.

"Ne znamo kamo ići. Naši životi su gotovi", dodao je.

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Ahmad Al-rubaye/AFP
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"Nema više ribe"

Smještene između rijeka Tigrisa i Eufrata, mezopotamske močvare stradale su pod bivšim diktatorom Sadamom Huseinom, koji je 1991. naredio da se isuše kao kazna zajednicama koje su štitile pobunjenike.

Močvare su i u prošlosti povremeno prolazile kroz godine oštre suše, nakon čega bi ih oživjele jake kišne sezone.
Od kolovoza 2020. do danas 46 posto močvarnih područja južnog Iraka, uključujući Huveizu i Čibaiš, u potpunosti je izgubilo vodu, prema nizozemskoj organizaciji za izgradnju mira PAX.

Dodatnih 41 posto močvarnih područja ima smanjenu razine vode i vlažnosti, prema organizaciji koja je koristila satelitske podatke za izradu procjene.

UN-ova Organizacija za hranu i poljoprivredu ističe da su močvarna područja u Iraku jedna od najsiromašnijih u zemlji i "jedna od najviše pogođenih klimatskim promjenama", dodajući kako su zabilježene "niske razine vode bez presedana".

Bioraznolikost je također ugrožena.

Močvare su dom za "brojne populacije ugroženih vrsta" i važna su točka zaustavljanja za oko 200 vrsta migratornih vodenih ptica, prema UNESCO-u.

Aktivist za zaštitu okoliša Ahmed Saleh Nima rekao je da u močvarama "više nema ribe", divljih svinja pa čak ni glatkodlake vidre.

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Asaad Niazi/AFP
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"Poput pustinje"

Rekao je da su močvaru Huveiza navodnjavale dvije pritoke Tigrisa, ali se njihov vodostaj znatno smanjio.

Iračke vlasti racioniraju zalihe kako bi pokrile različite potrebe, kazao je.

"Vlada želi sačuvati najveću moguću količinu vode", dodao je, žaleći se na "nepravednu raspdojelu vode" i "loše upravljanje (resursima)".

Nakon pritiska prosvjednika, vlasti su djelomično otvorile ventile, ali su ih kasnije ponovno zatvorile, ističe Saleh Nima.

Na iranskoj strani u močvare koju zovu Hur-al Azim također se osjeća nedostatak vode.

"Močvara je suočena s nedostatkom vode i trenutačno je oko polovice njezina iranskog dijela presušilo", nedavno je izvijestila iranska državna novinska agencija IRNA.

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Ahmad Al-rubaye/AFP
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Hatem Hamid, ravnatelj centra za upravljanje vodama iračke vlade, rekao je da je "na iranskoj strani glavna rijeka koja hrani močvaru Huveiza totalno suha više od godinu dana".

Potrebe za vodom iračkih farmi i močvarnih područja samo su polovično zadovoljene jer vlasti pomno prate rezerve i pokušavaju pokriti niz namjena, s pitkom vodom kao jednim od "prioriteta", priznaje Hamid.

Irački dužnosnici ukazuju na kanale i male potoke koji su obnovljeni kako bi se prelijevali u močvare i u sela gdje su se neke obitelji preselile iz isušenih područja.

No, nemoguće je kompenzirati vrlo veliko isparavanje u močvarama na temperaturama koje prelaze 50 Celzijevih stupnjeva, dodaje.

U Čibaisu su učinci suše jasni Aliju Džavadu, koji je rekao da su deseci obitelji napustili njegov zaselak.

"Migrirali su prema drugim regijama, tražeći područja gdje ima vode", rekao je 20-godišnjak.

"Prije je bilo zelenila, vode i unutarnjeg mira kad smo dolazili u močvare. Sada je to poput pustinje", dodao je.

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StoryEditorOCM
SvijetEden iz Biblije

Prizori katastrofe obilaze svijet - ovo mjesto nekad je bilo ‘rajski vrt‘, danas samo pustoš: ‘Ne znamo kamo ići. Naši životi su gotovi...‘

Piše Hina
16. kolovoza 2022. - 07:52
23080602
PREMIUM
Galerija
Ahmad Al-rubaye/AFP

Kako bi nahranio i rashladio svoje bivole, Hašim Gased mora prijeći 10 kilometara suhe zemlje u južnom Iraku, gdje suša uništava dijelove mitskih mezopotamskih močvara.

Iako je na glasu kao lokacija biblijskog rajskog vrta, iračke močvare pogođene su trogodišnjom sušom i smanjenim protokom vode duž rijeka i pritoka koje izviru iz susjedne Turske i Irana.

Golema prostranstva nekoć bujne močvare Huveiza, koja se proteže uz granicu s Iranom, isušena su, a njihova je vegetacija požutjela.

Dio močvare Čibaiš, koji je popularan među turistima, doživio je istu sudbinu.

"Močvare su naše sredstvo za život - nekada smo ovdje lovili ribu, a naša je stoka mogla pasti i piti", rekao je Gased (35) iz sela blizu Huveize.

Močvare južnog Iraka upisane s...

#ČIBAIŠ#SUŠA#KATASTROFA
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12. svibanj 2024 09:07