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[title] => Ovo daje nadu. Izgleda da se našao lijek protiv opasne superotporne bakterije koja je često kobna za bolničke pacijente!
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Otpornost bakterija na antibiotike postaje sve veći globalni problem. No u novu godinu ipak smo kročili s tračkom nade. Znanstvenici iz istraživačkog instituta švicarske farmaceutske tvrtke Roche izvijestili su o novom antibiotiku koji uspješno neutralizira jednu od najotpornijih bakterija.
Acinetobacter baumanii je bakterija koja obično nije opasna za zdravu osobu, ali preživljava na oslabljenim pacijentima u bolnicama, posebno na odjelima za intenzivnu njegu.
Bakterije iz roda Acinetobacter poznate su po tome što su vrlo učinkovite u stvaranju otpornosti na različite antibiotike. Posljednjih godina značajno raste udio bakterija Acinetobacter baumannii koje su otporne na praktički sve dostupne antibiotike, uključujući karbapeneme, koji se u medicini smatraju rezervom kada osnovni antibiotici ne djeluju.
Acinetobacter baumannii pripada tzv. gram-negativnim bakterijama, što znači da je obavijena dvostrukom zaštitnom membranom koju je teško probiti lijekovima. Posljednji novi antibiotik koji je djelovao protiv ove bakterije otkriven je prije više od 50 godina.
Međutim, ovog tjedna su znanstvenici farmaceutske tvrtke Roche u časopisu Nature izvijestili da su uspjeli pronaći novu vrstu antibiotika koja se pokazala učinkovitom u borbi protiv najotpornijih sojeva Acinetobacter baumannii. Aktivna tvar nazvana zosurabalpin koristi potpuno novi mehanizam napada - sprječava bakteriju u izgradnji vanjske membrane i uzrokuje njezinu smrt, javlja N1.
Otporna bakterija
U Sloveniji bolničke infekcije s Acinetobacter baumannii trenutno čine manji udio među svim infekcijama.
Prema izvješću Nacionalnog instituta za javno zdravstvo (NIJZ) objavljenom krajem prošle godine, u 2021. zabilježeno je nešto manje od 3800 invazivnih bakterijskih infekcija u slovenskim bolnicama. Gotovo polovica njih bila je uzrokovana bakterijom E. coli. Bakterije iz roda Acinetobacter činile su malo više od 3 posto, zabilježeno je 124 slučaja.
I istovremeno su upravo kod bakterije Acinetobacter baumannii, otporne na karbapeneme, zabilježili najveći porast slučajeva infekcija.
‘Najveći porast broja invazivnih infekcija s rodom Acinetobacter spp. zabilježen je posebno kod izolata vrste A. Baumannii otpornih na karbapeneme‘, piše u izvješću Nacionalnog instituta za javno zdravstvo (NIJZ), prenosi N1.
Još 2020. laboratoriji u bolnicama detektirali su samo sedam slučajeva. No u 2021. zabilježeno ih je već 83.
Smrtnost pacijenata u slučaju infekcije ovom bakterijom, prema analizi koju su slovenski liječnici proveli prije nekoliko godina, iznosi gotovo 40 posto.
Globalna prijetnja
Svjetska zdravstvena organizacija je otpornost bakterija na antibiotike 2019. svrstala na popis deset najvećih globalnih prijetnji javnom zdravstvu. Procjenjuje se da su otporne bakterije izravno uzrokovale više od milijun smrti 2019.
Učinkovitost novog antibiotika za sada je uspješno dokazana samo u staničnim kulturama i na miševima, planira se i kliničko ispitivanje na ljudima. Prije eventualne primjene u medicini proći će barem još nekoliko godina.
No ovo je svakako ohrabrujuća vijest za stručnjake i tračak nade da ćemo ipak dobiti dodatna sredstva za borbu i protiv drugih otpornih bakterija.
Razvoj novih antibiotika posljednjih desetljeća značajno je usporio, dok su bakterije neprestano stjecale otpornost. To se u posljednjim godinama mijenja, a liječnici postaju sve oprezniji i racionalniji u upotrebi antibiotika.
Upravo ovdje leži jedan od glavnih razloga za usporavanje razvoja novih antibiotika - farmaceutskim tvrtkama se ne isplati razvijati lijek koji će liječnici pokušati koristiti što je rjeđe moguće, osim uz dodatne poticaje.
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Otpornost bakterija na antibiotike postaje sve veći globalni problem. No u novu godinu ipak smo kročili s tračkom nade. Znanstvenici iz istraživačkog instituta švicarske farmaceutske tvrtke Roche izvijestili su o novom antibiotiku koji uspješno neutralizira jednu od najotpornijih bakterija.
Acinetobacter baumanii je bakterija koja obično nije opasna za zdravu osobu, ali preživljava na oslabljenim pacijentima u bolnicama, posebno na odjelima za intenzivnu njegu.
Bakterije iz roda Acinetobacter poznate su po tome što su vrlo učinkovite u stvaranju otpornosti na različite antibiotike. Posljednjih godina značajno raste udio bakterija Acinetobacter baumannii koje su otporne na praktički sve dostupne antibiotike, uključujući karbapeneme, koji se u medicini smatraju rezervom kada osnovni antibiotici ne djeluju.
Acinetobacter baumannii pripada tzv. gram-negativnim bakterijama, što znači da je obavijena dvostrukom zaštitnom membranom koju je teško probiti lijekovima. Posljednji novi antibiotik koji je djelovao protiv ove bakterije otkriven je prije više od 50 godina.
Međutim, ovog tjedna su znanstvenici farmaceutske tvrtke Roche u časopisu Nature izvijestili da su uspjeli pronaći novu vrstu antibiotika koja se pokazala učinkovitom u borbi protiv najotpornijih sojeva Acinetobacter baumannii. Aktivna tvar nazvana zosurabalpin koristi potpuno novi mehanizam napada - sprječava bakteriju u izgradnji vanjske membrane i uzrokuje njezinu smrt, javlja N1.
Otporna bakterija
U Sloveniji bolničke infekcije s Acinetobacter baumannii trenutno čine manji udio među svim infekcijama.
Prema izvješću Nacionalnog instituta za javno zdravstvo (NIJZ) objavljenom krajem prošle godine, u 2021. zabilježeno je nešto manje od 3800 invazivnih bakterijskih infekcija u slovenskim bolnicama. Gotovo polovica njih bila je uzrokovana bakterijom E. coli. Bakterije iz roda Acinetobacter činile su malo više od 3 posto, zabilježeno je 124 slučaja.
I istovremeno su upravo kod bakterije Acinetobacter baumannii, otporne na karbapeneme, zabilježili najveći porast slučajeva infekcija.
‘Najveći porast broja invazivnih infekcija s rodom Acinetobacter spp. zabilježen je posebno kod izolata vrste A. Baumannii otpornih na karbapeneme‘, piše u izvješću Nacionalnog instituta za javno zdravstvo (NIJZ), prenosi N1.
Još 2020. laboratoriji u bolnicama detektirali su samo sedam slučajeva. No u 2021. zabilježeno ih je već 83.
Smrtnost pacijenata u slučaju infekcije ovom bakterijom, prema analizi koju su slovenski liječnici proveli prije nekoliko godina, iznosi gotovo 40 posto.
Globalna prijetnja
Svjetska zdravstvena organizacija je otpornost bakterija na antibiotike 2019. svrstala na popis deset najvećih globalnih prijetnji javnom zdravstvu. Procjenjuje se da su otporne bakterije izravno uzrokovale više od milijun smrti 2019.
Učinkovitost novog antibiotika za sada je uspješno dokazana samo u staničnim kulturama i na miševima, planira se i kliničko ispitivanje na ljudima. Prije eventualne primjene u medicini proći će barem još nekoliko godina.
No ovo je svakako ohrabrujuća vijest za stručnjake i tračak nade da ćemo ipak dobiti dodatna sredstva za borbu i protiv drugih otpornih bakterija.
Razvoj novih antibiotika posljednjih desetljeća značajno je usporio, dok su bakterije neprestano stjecale otpornost. To se u posljednjim godinama mijenja, a liječnici postaju sve oprezniji i racionalniji u upotrebi antibiotika.
Upravo ovdje leži jedan od glavnih razloga za usporavanje razvoja novih antibiotika - farmaceutskim tvrtkama se ne isplati razvijati lijek koji će liječnici pokušati koristiti što je rjeđe moguće, osim uz dodatne poticaje.
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13. svibanj 2024 20:49
