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[title] => Liječnik vam je prepisao antibiotik, a vi se već užasavate grčeva i proljeva? Ove namirnice spasit će vam crijeva: probiotici olakšavaju, ali možete sebi pomoći i hranom
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Antibiotike uzimamo samo kada nam je to zaista potrebno i samo kada nam ih je propisao liječnik. Treba znati da su antibiotici vrlo ozbiljni lijekovi koji se koriste za liječenje infekcija uzrokovanih bakterijama.
No, antibiotici mogu istodobno uništiti korisne bakterije u našim crijevima, što kod nekih osoba može izazvati želučane tegobe ili proljev.
U jednoj od svojih studija britanski znanstvenici ispitivali su promjene u korisnim bakterijama u crijevima nakon uzimanja antibiotika, koje liječnici često propisuju za liječenje infekcija dišnog i mokraćnog sustava.
Otkrili su da se broj i raznolikost ovih bakterija u crijevima drastično smanjio nakon tretmana, dok se broj štetnih mikroorganizama povećao.
Kod većine ljudi crijevna se flora donekle oporavila nakon završetka liječenja antibioticima. No, neke druge studije ukazuju na to da neki antibiotici mogu dugoročno utjecati na ravnotežu mikroorganizama u crijevima.
Stoga je vrlo važno da antibiotike uzimamo samo kada je to zaista potrebno, a nikako za virusne infekcije, jer antibiotici ne mogu uništiti viruse, niti virus prehlade niti virus koji uzrokuje COVID-19.
Što biste trebali jesti nakon liječenja antibioticima? Gotovo ste sigurno čuli za probiotike i prebiotike. No, što su zapravo probiotici i prebiotici i jesu li doista korisni?
Probiotici
Probiotici su hrana, najčešće jogurti i napitci od jogurta, koji sadrže korisne crijevne bakterije, živi mikroorganizmi koji mogu ponovno kolonizirati crijeva i poboljšati njegovo zdravlje.
Hrana zvana probiotici mora sadržavati bakterije koje su otporne na želučanu kiselinu i probavne procese te se apsorbiraju i razmnožavaju u crijevima bez oštećenja crijevne stijenke.
Znanstvenici provjeravaju kontrolirane studije kako bi vidjeli jesu li uopće sigurni i učinkoviti. Da bi hrana bila označena kao probiotik, mora sadržavati dovoljno mikroorganizama koji uništavaju štetne bakterije i dopuštaju oporavak korisnih bakterija.
Većina jogurta sadrži korisne bakterije, ali ne preživljavaju svi visoku kiselost u želucu ili se ne počinju množiti u crijevima, pa nemaju probiotički učinak.
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Da bi probiotici imali te blagotvorne učinke, oni moraju uspješno prodrijeti u debelo crijevo, gdje moraju postojati pravi uvjeti za njihov rast i razmnožavanje. Ova stanja stvaraju prebiotici.
Kako povećati korisne učinke?
Sve je više dokaza da kombiniranje specifičnih probiotika i prebiotika može povećati blagotvorne učinke oboje. Na primjer, možemo jesti simbiotičku hranu koja sadrži i probiotičke i prebiotičke bakterije.
Međutim, možemo konzumirati nekoliko različitih prebiotičkih i probiotičkih namirnica istodobno. Što se tiče antibiotika, vrlo je važno da ih doista koristimo samo za liječenje bakterijskih infekcija i u skladu s uputama proizvođača, ljekarnika ili liječnika.
Što kaže znanost?
Smatra se da su probiotici univerzalno korisni za zdravlje. Znanstvenici imaju različita mišljenja o tome, ali većina njih vjeruje da uzimanje probiotika može biti korisno za ljude koji često dobiju proljev nakon liječenja antibioticima.
To se posebno odnosi na starije osobe i one koji se liječe u bolnici.
Mnoge su studije pokazale da uzimanje antibiotika može imati niz negativnih posljedica. To uključuje smetnje okusa, mučninu, grčeve u trbuhu, meku stolicu, groznicu i nadutost.
No, ljudi koji su uzimali probiotike prijavili su manje nuspojava pa se može zaključiti da su probiotici ipak korisni u sprječavanju nekih nuspojava.
Prebiotici
- Prebiotici su hranjive tvari za zdravu crijevnu floru. Ubrzavaju rast korisnih mikroorganizama i potiču aktivnost već prisutnih korisnih bakterija. Prebiotici su hrana koja sadrži složene ugljikohidrate i dijetalna vlakna koja želučani enzimi ne mogu razgraditi i ne apsorbiraju se u tankom crijevu, već ulaze u debelo crijevo neprobavljeni, gdje fermentiraju uz pomoć zdravih korisnih bakterija, kaže Clare Collins, profesorica prehrane i dijetetike na Sveučilištu Newcastle.
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No, nisu sva prehrambena vlakna prebiotička. Među najpoznatijim su složeni ugljikohidrati koji se nazivaju fruktooligosaharidi, inulin i neprobavljivi škrob.
Prehrambene proizvode s dodatkom prebiotika možete kupiti u supermarketima, ali mnoge namirnice same sadrže puno neprobavljivih ugljikohidrata.
To uključuje:
- žitarice: ječam, raženi kruh, raženi krekeri, tjestenina, njoki, kus-kus, pšenične mekinje, pšenični kruh, zobene pahuljice;
---
---
- mahunarke: slanutak, leća, grah, pečeni grah, soja;
- povrće: artičoke, šparoge, repa, radič, koromač, češnjak, grašak, poriluk, luk, ljutika, mladi luk, snježni grašak, kukuruz šećerni, kiseli kupus;
- voće: nektarine, bijele breskve, kaki, tamarind, lubenica, rambutan, grejp, šipak, datulje, smokve;
- orasi: indijski orasi, pistacije.
Nezrele banane, kuhana i ohlađena riža, kukuruzno brašno, kuhani i ohlađeni krumpir također su dobri izvori neprobavljivog škroba. Majčino mlijeko, bogato oligosaharidima, najprikladnije je za bebe.
---
Tko bi ih trebao jesti?
Prebiotici su korisni za sve jer sadrže čitav niz hranjivih tvari i pomažu u održavanju zdravog okoliša za bakterije u crijevima.
Prednosti probiotika za mnoge zdravstvene probleme još nisu sasvim jasne i ovise o tome koje probiotike uzimamo i koji je zdravstveni problem.
No, za ljude kod kojih je veća vjerojatnost da će razviti proljev nakon liječenja antibioticima ipak bi moglo biti korisno svakodnevno uzimati probiotike i prebiotike.
---
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Antibiotike uzimamo samo kada nam je to zaista potrebno i samo kada nam ih je propisao liječnik. Treba znati da su antibiotici vrlo ozbiljni lijekovi koji se koriste za liječenje infekcija uzrokovanih bakterijama.
No, antibiotici mogu istodobno uništiti korisne bakterije u našim crijevima, što kod nekih osoba može izazvati želučane tegobe ili proljev.
U jednoj od svojih studija britanski znanstvenici ispitivali su promjene u korisnim bakterijama u crijevima nakon uzimanja antibiotika, koje liječnici često propisuju za liječenje infekcija dišnog i mokraćnog sustava.
Otkrili su da se broj i raznolikost ovih bakterija u crijevima drastično smanjio nakon tretmana, dok se broj štetnih mikroorganizama povećao.
Kod većine ljudi crijevna se flora donekle oporavila nakon završetka liječenja antibioticima. No, neke druge studije ukazuju na to da neki antibiotici mogu dugoročno utjecati na ravnotežu mikroorganizama u crijevima.
Stoga je vrlo važno da antibiotike uzimamo samo kada je to zaista potrebno, a nikako za virusne infekcije, jer antibiotici ne mogu uništiti viruse, niti virus prehlade niti virus koji uzrokuje COVID-19.
Što biste trebali jesti nakon liječenja antibioticima? Gotovo ste sigurno čuli za probiotike i prebiotike. No, što su zapravo probiotici i prebiotici i jesu li doista korisni?
Probiotici
Probiotici su hrana, najčešće jogurti i napitci od jogurta, koji sadrže korisne crijevne bakterije, živi mikroorganizmi koji mogu ponovno kolonizirati crijeva i poboljšati njegovo zdravlje.
Hrana zvana probiotici mora sadržavati bakterije koje su otporne na želučanu kiselinu i probavne procese te se apsorbiraju i razmnožavaju u crijevima bez oštećenja crijevne stijenke.
Znanstvenici provjeravaju kontrolirane studije kako bi vidjeli jesu li uopće sigurni i učinkoviti. Da bi hrana bila označena kao probiotik, mora sadržavati dovoljno mikroorganizama koji uništavaju štetne bakterije i dopuštaju oporavak korisnih bakterija.
Većina jogurta sadrži korisne bakterije, ali ne preživljavaju svi visoku kiselost u želucu ili se ne počinju množiti u crijevima, pa nemaju probiotički učinak.
---
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Da bi probiotici imali te blagotvorne učinke, oni moraju uspješno prodrijeti u debelo crijevo, gdje moraju postojati pravi uvjeti za njihov rast i razmnožavanje. Ova stanja stvaraju prebiotici.
Kako povećati korisne učinke?
Sve je više dokaza da kombiniranje specifičnih probiotika i prebiotika može povećati blagotvorne učinke oboje. Na primjer, možemo jesti simbiotičku hranu koja sadrži i probiotičke i prebiotičke bakterije.
Međutim, možemo konzumirati nekoliko različitih prebiotičkih i probiotičkih namirnica istodobno. Što se tiče antibiotika, vrlo je važno da ih doista koristimo samo za liječenje bakterijskih infekcija i u skladu s uputama proizvođača, ljekarnika ili liječnika.
Što kaže znanost?
Smatra se da su probiotici univerzalno korisni za zdravlje. Znanstvenici imaju različita mišljenja o tome, ali većina njih vjeruje da uzimanje probiotika može biti korisno za ljude koji često dobiju proljev nakon liječenja antibioticima.
To se posebno odnosi na starije osobe i one koji se liječe u bolnici.
Mnoge su studije pokazale da uzimanje antibiotika može imati niz negativnih posljedica. To uključuje smetnje okusa, mučninu, grčeve u trbuhu, meku stolicu, groznicu i nadutost.
No, ljudi koji su uzimali probiotike prijavili su manje nuspojava pa se može zaključiti da su probiotici ipak korisni u sprječavanju nekih nuspojava.
Prebiotici
- Prebiotici su hranjive tvari za zdravu crijevnu floru. Ubrzavaju rast korisnih mikroorganizama i potiču aktivnost već prisutnih korisnih bakterija. Prebiotici su hrana koja sadrži složene ugljikohidrate i dijetalna vlakna koja želučani enzimi ne mogu razgraditi i ne apsorbiraju se u tankom crijevu, već ulaze u debelo crijevo neprobavljeni, gdje fermentiraju uz pomoć zdravih korisnih bakterija, kaže Clare Collins, profesorica prehrane i dijetetike na Sveučilištu Newcastle.
---
---
No, nisu sva prehrambena vlakna prebiotička. Među najpoznatijim su složeni ugljikohidrati koji se nazivaju fruktooligosaharidi, inulin i neprobavljivi škrob.
Prehrambene proizvode s dodatkom prebiotika možete kupiti u supermarketima, ali mnoge namirnice same sadrže puno neprobavljivih ugljikohidrata.
To uključuje:
- žitarice: ječam, raženi kruh, raženi krekeri, tjestenina, njoki, kus-kus, pšenične mekinje, pšenični kruh, zobene pahuljice;
---
---
- mahunarke: slanutak, leća, grah, pečeni grah, soja;
- povrće: artičoke, šparoge, repa, radič, koromač, češnjak, grašak, poriluk, luk, ljutika, mladi luk, snježni grašak, kukuruz šećerni, kiseli kupus;
- voće: nektarine, bijele breskve, kaki, tamarind, lubenica, rambutan, grejp, šipak, datulje, smokve;
- orasi: indijski orasi, pistacije.
Nezrele banane, kuhana i ohlađena riža, kukuruzno brašno, kuhani i ohlađeni krumpir također su dobri izvori neprobavljivog škroba. Majčino mlijeko, bogato oligosaharidima, najprikladnije je za bebe.
---
Tko bi ih trebao jesti?
Prebiotici su korisni za sve jer sadrže čitav niz hranjivih tvari i pomažu u održavanju zdravog okoliša za bakterije u crijevima.
Prednosti probiotika za mnoge zdravstvene probleme još nisu sasvim jasne i ovise o tome koje probiotike uzimamo i koji je zdravstveni problem.
No, za ljude kod kojih je veća vjerojatnost da će razviti proljev nakon liječenja antibioticima ipak bi moglo biti korisno svakodnevno uzimati probiotike i prebiotike.
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[alias] => layout_with_three_photos
)
[29] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 94
[name] => Gallery in the article
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 32
[alias] => gallery_in_the_article
)
[30] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 95
[name] => Required views
[value] => 0
[type] => textfield
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 33
[alias] => required_views
)
[31] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 96
[name] => FullHD image
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 34
[alias] => fullhd_image
)
[32] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 98
[name] => Paid Article
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 36
[alias] => paid_article
)
)
12. svibanj 2024 17:52
