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Poznati specijalizirani portal HAK revija zamolio je jednog od tehničkih savjetnika HAK-a da objasni što može značiti koja boja dima iz ispušnika vašeg automobila. Iako neke od ovih pojava mogu ukazivati i na neke druge razloge za posjet mehaničaru, Marin Morava pojasnio je one najčešće. 

Plavi dim

Najčešće se radi o izgaranju ulja u komori za izgaranje unutar cilindra motora ili propuštanjem ulja od strane turbo punjača, a to znači da postoji opasnost od potrošnje ulja motora. Smanjenjem količine ulja dolazi do izostanka podmazivanja na pokretnim dijelovima motora. To bi moglo utjecati na pojačano trošenje tih dijelova. Posljedice mogu biti iznimno skupe ako na vrijeme ne reagirate. Kod motora se ubrzava trošenje klipnog mehanizma i razvodnog mehanizma te ostalih pokretnih rotirajućih ili kliznih dijelova unutar motora, što će zahtijevati ozbiljan popravak motora koji je većinom izvediv na starijim generacijama motora. Kod novijih motora, tehnologije obrade materijala i dijelova su tako izveden da ih najčešće nije moguće obnavljati već isključivo zamijeniti drugim ispravnim motorom ili tvornički repariranim motorom.

Bijeli dim koji se brzo razilazi kao para

Najvjerojatnije je uzrok curenje rashladne tekućine u motor (neispravna brtva glave motora). Najčešće je prisutno i pregrijavanje motora prema indikatoru temperature na kontrolnoj ploči. Odmah nakon paljenja hladnog motora može se također pojaviti bijeli dim. Zagrijavanjem motora dolazi do kondenzacije u ispušnom sustavu, a kako temperatura raste tako voda isparava i zbog toga se može pojaviti bijeli dim (para). Dakle, iza ovoga ne stoje neke nepravilnosti u radu automobila. Ako automobil učestalo koristite na kratkim relacijama može se dogoditi da sav kondenzat ne ispari, a to nije dobro jer tako može korodirati ispušni sustav.

Crni dim

U benzincu to je znak da izgara previše goriva – potrebno je provjeriti filtar zraka. Mogući su i ozbiljniji problemi s motorom ili sustavom ubrizgavanja. Kod dizelskih vozila, ako vozite samo gradske dionice pri niskim brzinama, u filtru čađi može se nakupiti previše – čađi, a sve to može rezultirati dimnom zavjesom kod određenih starijih generacija vozila s ovim filtrom koje može biti praćeno i uključivanjem lampice na instrumentnoj ploči koja simbolizira filtar. Pronađite cestu na kojoj možete voziti brže i filtar će se pročistiti, uz karakteristični kratkotrajni oblak crnog dima.

Što učiniti?

Ako je naglo nastupila bilo koja od navedenih nepravilnosti potrebno je zaustaviti vozilo i kontrolirati razinu motornog ulja, rashladne tekućine – ako nešto nedostaje to nam može biti brzi pokazatelj u čemu je doista problem. Također, ako su količine ulja i rashladne tekućine u normali, otvorena je mogućnost da se dim pojavio radi povećane potrošnje goriva pa je potrebno napraviti  uzorak potrošnje goriva na prijeđenih 100-500 km. Ako je potrošnja povećana (za 1-2 l/100 km više) može nam biti jasnije iz kojeg izvora dolazi povećanje dima na ispušnoj cijevi. Prije primjene bilo koje od navedenih metoda ili nastavka vožnje preporuka je koristiti uputstva vozila ili kontaktirati servis s obzirom na to da boja dima na ispušnoj cijevi može pomoći servisu u analizi nastalog problema na daljinu te u procjeni treba li nastaviti vožnju ili odustati.

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Poznati specijalizirani portal HAK revija zamolio je jednog od tehničkih savjetnika HAK-a da objasni što može značiti koja boja dima iz ispušnika vašeg automobila. Iako neke od ovih pojava mogu ukazivati i na neke druge razloge za posjet mehaničaru, Marin Morava pojasnio je one najčešće. 

Plavi dim

Najčešće se radi o izgaranju ulja u komori za izgaranje unutar cilindra motora ili propuštanjem ulja od strane turbo punjača, a to znači da postoji opasnost od potrošnje ulja motora. Smanjenjem količine ulja dolazi do izostanka podmazivanja na pokretnim dijelovima motora. To bi moglo utjecati na pojačano trošenje tih dijelova. Posljedice mogu biti iznimno skupe ako na vrijeme ne reagirate. Kod motora se ubrzava trošenje klipnog mehanizma i razvodnog mehanizma te ostalih pokretnih rotirajućih ili kliznih dijelova unutar motora, što će zahtijevati ozbiljan popravak motora koji je većinom izvediv na starijim generacijama motora. Kod novijih motora, tehnologije obrade materijala i dijelova su tako izveden da ih najčešće nije moguće obnavljati već isključivo zamijeniti drugim ispravnim motorom ili tvornički repariranim motorom.

Bijeli dim koji se brzo razilazi kao para

Najvjerojatnije je uzrok curenje rashladne tekućine u motor (neispravna brtva glave motora). Najčešće je prisutno i pregrijavanje motora prema indikatoru temperature na kontrolnoj ploči. Odmah nakon paljenja hladnog motora može se također pojaviti bijeli dim. Zagrijavanjem motora dolazi do kondenzacije u ispušnom sustavu, a kako temperatura raste tako voda isparava i zbog toga se može pojaviti bijeli dim (para). Dakle, iza ovoga ne stoje neke nepravilnosti u radu automobila. Ako automobil učestalo koristite na kratkim relacijama može se dogoditi da sav kondenzat ne ispari, a to nije dobro jer tako može korodirati ispušni sustav.

Crni dim

U benzincu to je znak da izgara previše goriva – potrebno je provjeriti filtar zraka. Mogući su i ozbiljniji problemi s motorom ili sustavom ubrizgavanja. Kod dizelskih vozila, ako vozite samo gradske dionice pri niskim brzinama, u filtru čađi može se nakupiti previše – čađi, a sve to može rezultirati dimnom zavjesom kod određenih starijih generacija vozila s ovim filtrom koje može biti praćeno i uključivanjem lampice na instrumentnoj ploči koja simbolizira filtar. Pronađite cestu na kojoj možete voziti brže i filtar će se pročistiti, uz karakteristični kratkotrajni oblak crnog dima.

Što učiniti?

Ako je naglo nastupila bilo koja od navedenih nepravilnosti potrebno je zaustaviti vozilo i kontrolirati razinu motornog ulja, rashladne tekućine – ako nešto nedostaje to nam može biti brzi pokazatelj u čemu je doista problem. Također, ako su količine ulja i rashladne tekućine u normali, otvorena je mogućnost da se dim pojavio radi povećane potrošnje goriva pa je potrebno napraviti  uzorak potrošnje goriva na prijeđenih 100-500 km. Ako je potrošnja povećana (za 1-2 l/100 km više) može nam biti jasnije iz kojeg izvora dolazi povećanje dima na ispušnoj cijevi. Prije primjene bilo koje od navedenih metoda ili nastavka vožnje preporuka je koristiti uputstva vozila ili kontaktirati servis s obzirom na to da boja dima na ispušnoj cijevi može pomoći servisu u analizi nastalog problema na daljinu te u procjeni treba li nastaviti vožnju ili odustati.

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Silas Stein/DPA/dpa Picture-Alliance via AFP
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Bijeli, crni ili plavi? HAK-ov stručnjak otkrio što znači koja boja dima iz ispušnog sustava, možda morate kod mehaničara

Piše PSD
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Poznati specijalizirani portal HAK revija zamolio je jednog od tehničkih savjetnika HAK-a da objasni što može značiti koja boja dima iz ispušnika vašeg automobila. Iako neke od ovih pojava mogu ukazivati i na neke druge razloge za posjet mehaničaru, Marin Morava pojasnio je one najčešće. 

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13. svibanj 2024 09:18